Aerial for wireless telegraphy and telephony purposes



I Oct. 5"

1,602,198 M. LATOUR AERIAL FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY m TELEPHONY PURPOSES.

- 1 Filed July ;5. 1920 '2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Q WW5 Wm A 19/ ,rWW

Oct. 5 1926.

-- I v 1,602,198 M. LATOUR AERIAL FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPH! AND TELEPHONY PURPOSES Filed Jui 15] 1920 Q Shea-8-51168; 2.

' posed to Patented Oct. 5, 1926.

' UNITED STATES MARIUS LATOUR, 0F PARIS, FRANCE, :ASSIGNO R T0v LATOUR CORPORATION, OF

JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

j AERIAL non WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY Ann 'rELnrHoNY runrosns;

I 7 Application filed July 15, 1920, Serial No. 396,501, and in France October 18, 1917.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARGH 3, 1921, 41 STAT. It, 1313.)

The invention relates to improvements in aerials for electromagnetic wave reception and transmission purposes.

It has already been suggested in the mounting of an aerial for wireless.telegraphy purposes, to utilize several earth plates mounted in parallel. The effect sought after by this arrangement is to reduce the ohmic losses in the soil.

Actually however it happens that the aerial current does not divide itself among the various earth plates so as to present a minimum loss so that any appreciable reduction'of the losses in the ground is not generally found with such an arrangement.

The object of this invention is to ensure a distribution of the aerial current between the different earth plates, according to any proportions considered suitable for obtaining the smallest ohmic losses in the soil.

The invention is more particularly described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which Figures 1 to 7 show various modifications of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of the ordinary arrangement of aerial. A source of high frequency 1, which is assumed to ,be the secondary 'of an air or iron cored transformer, feeds by the vertical lead wire 2, a series of conductors 3, and is connected on the other hand to an earth plate 4:.

According to-Fig. 2, in which the same figures indicate the same parts, it is prodivide the aerial. current between two distinct earth plates 4 and 5 in any proportions considered suitable. In order to obtain this result, a coil 7 having two windings is provided, mounted magnetically in opposition. The aerial current then tends to be distributed between the earth plates 4: and 5 in such a way that the ampere windings of both coils counter-balance one another and that there is no magnetic flux resulting in the coil. In the .case where equality of the currents in the earth plates is desired, the coil has two windings having a practically equal number of spirals. The coil 7 mayhave an iron core so as to be less bulky.

If it be assumed as in the case of Fig. 3, that three earth plates 4, 5, and 6 are available, two coils 7 and 8 are used. 'The division of the current between the earth plates 5 a nd 6 is ensured by the coil 8 and the division of the current between the plates 5 and 6 on the one hand and the plate 4 on the other, is ensured by the coil 7 as before.

In the caseof Fig. 4, where the aerial normally comprises a self induction coil 7 intended to increase the wave length of the antenna, the various earth plates are connected at various suitable points on the self induction coil 7 so that the aerial current is divided in given proportions between the different earth plates.

Finally as shown in Fig. 5, distinct selfinduction coils 7, 8, and 9 may be arranged on difierent e'arth lates,

It may appear a vantageous as shown in Fig. 6 to only give to these distinct selfinduction coils 7, 8 and 9, the value necessary for guaranteeing a certain distribution of the aerial current and to retain. a common aerial inductance coil 7 to give the aerial the Wave length corresponding to the frequency of the source 1, which inductance will be arranged on the other side of this source. In this way the difierence of potential between the earth and the source 1 is reduced. I

Instead of self inductance. coils, in case it is desired to shorten the length of the aerial, it is advisable to provide capacities 10, 11, 12, as shown in Fig. 7.

It must be observed that all the arrangements described are applicable equally well to receiving as well as to .transmitting aerials. 1

Claims:

1. The combination with an antenna structure, of a plurality of ground connections of unequal impedance, and impedance means for causing predetermined currents to flow in said ground connections, whereby the losses in said ground connections are minimized.

2. The combination with an antenna circuit comprising a plurality of ground connections of coupling means between said ground connections for effecting predetermined current'flow in said connections.

3, The combination with an antenna circuit comprising a plurality of ground connections of a device associated with each of said round connections, said devices being electrically coupled for efiectmg a predetermined current flow ln sald ground connections.

4. The combination with an antenna circuit comprising a plurality of ground connections, of a coil associated with each of said ground connections, said. coils being electromagnetically coupled for effecting a connections. 7

means for coupling one of said ground connections to the remainder of said ground connections, and means for coupling each of. said remaining ground connections together.

6. In an antenna system, a horizontal conduct or, a lead wire to ground, ground plates spaced at unequal distances from the foot of said lead wire, a plurality of connections from said lead wire to said' ground plates,

and an impedance in each connection where-.

by predetermined currents flow. through said MARIUS LATOURZI 

